Crispy Kung Pao Tofu Recipe (2024)

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Stir-Fry
Tofu Stir-fry

All the mouth-tingling, umami-packed adventure of the original—but meatless.

J. Kenji López-Alt

Culinary Consultant

Kenji is the former culinary director for Serious Eats and a current culinary consultant for the site. He is also a New York Times food columnist and the author of The Food Lab: Better Home Cooking Through Science.

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Updated January 18, 2023

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Why It Works

First frying the Sichuan peppercorns and chiles together helps build up the dish's initial signature flavor base.
Battered and fried tofu, peanuts, and chunks of celery create layer upon layer of satisfying crunch.
The numbing effect of the Sichuan peppercorns helps subdue the heat (but not flavor) imparted by both dried and fresh chiles.

Things I love:

Tofu
Spicy food
Peanuts
Stir-frying
Celery!*
My wife**
Crispy things
CHILES
A strongly-flavored but subtly balanced sauce that combines funky fermented elements, heat, richumami-packedingredients, bright vinegar, and a hint of sweetness.

*I love "Celery!" But not celery.
**Just covering my bases here.

I've recently discovered a way to get eight out of nine of these things together in one place:crispy kung pao tofu.

The basis of this recipe is pretty simple. It starts with the same crisp tofu I developed for mycrispy tofu with broccolirecipe (which, in turn, drew its inspiration from myKorean-fried cauliflowerrecipe). The trickhereis to use a combination of cornstarch and flour to make a batter that crisps nicely when you fry it. The real key is using vodka to bind the batter, which evaporates more readily when you fry it, yielding chunks of crispy tofu that stay crispy even when they're tossed with sauce at the end of cooking.

As for the rest of the ingredients, I doctored up myKung Pao chickenrecipe just slightly to incorporate some more vegetables (chunks of celery and hot long green peppers), but the basics are just about the same.

You start by infusing your stir-fry oil with a combination of mouth-numbing Sichuan peppercorns and fiery dried red chiles to build thema-laflavor base that Sichuan food is famous for. In that oil, you then stir fry sliced leeks, celery, and long hot peppers until lightly blistered, then stir in some chopped garlic, ginger, and scallion greens. In goes the fried tofu and peanuts (tradition would dictate frying raw peanuts before incorporating them, but I just use plain old roasted peanuts because it's tough to find raw peanuts 'round these parts), and finally a light sauce made with soy sauce, Chinkiang black vinegar, a touch of sugar, and some Sichuan fermented broad bean paste.

Once you've cooked it down briefly and tossed it with the crisply fried tofu, you should end up with just enough sauce to barely coat the ingredients—this dish should be dry and deeply concentrated in flavor.

The finished dish is one of my new favorites. Peanuts, celery, and coated tofu—it's all crisp-on-crisp-on-crisp, with a heat that doesn't knock you out but slowly smolders, the numbing effect of the Sichuan peppercorns taming those flames just enough to keep you wanting to stuff more in your mouth.

So it's all well and good, but why, you might ask, can't I get allninethings I love together? For one simple reason:

Things my wife hates:

Kung Paoanything

C'est la vie.

This recipe originally appeared as part of the column "The Vegan Experience."

February 2014

Recipe Details

Crispy Kung Pao Tofu Recipe

Prep5 mins

Cook35 mins

Active45 mins

Total40 mins

Ingredients

1 1/2 quarts vegetable or peanut oil
1/2 cup plus 2 teaspoons cornstarch, divided
1/2 cup all-purpose flour
1/2 teaspoon baking powder
Kosher salt
1/2 cup coldwater
1/2 cup vodka
1 pound extra-firm tofu, cut into 3/4-inch cubes, carefully dried (see notes)
1/4 cup water or vegetable stock
1 tablespoon soy sauce
1 tablespoon Sichuan broad bean chili paste
1 tablespoonChinkiang vinegar
2 teaspoons sugar
3 scallions, whites finely minced, and greens finely sliced, reserved separately
3 cloves minced garlic (about 1 tablespoon)
1 tablespoonminced fresh ginger
2 tablespoons Sichuan peppercorns, divided
12 hot Chinese dry chile peppers
2 small leeks, white and light green parts only, cut into 1/4-inch slices (about 1/2 cup total)
2 ribs celery, split in half lengthwise and cut into 3/4-inch pieces
1 long green Chinese hot pepper, stemmed and seeded, cut into 3/4-inch squares
1/2 cup roasted peanuts
Cooked white rice, for serving

Directions

Heat oil in a wok to 350°F (177°C). Whisk together 1/2 cup cornstarch, flour, baking powder, and 1 teaspoon kosher salt. Add water and vodka and whisk until a smooth batter is formed, adding up to 2 tablespoons additional water if batter is too thick. It should have the consistency of thin paint and fall off of the whisk in thin ribbons that instantly disappear as they hit the surface of the batter in the bowl.
Add tofu and carefully turn to coat. Working one at a time, lift one piece and allow excess batter to drip off. Carefully lower into hot oil. Repeat with remaining tofu until wok is full. Fry, using a metal spider or slotted spatula to rotate and agitate pieces as they cook until evenly pale golden and crisp all over, about 6 minutes. Transfer to a paper towel-lined plate. Repeat until all tofu is fried. Carefully pour oil out of wok into a heatproof container and reserve.
Combine stock, soy sauce, bean paste, vinegar, sugar, and remaining 2 teaspoons cornstarch in a small bowl. Set aside. Combine scallion whites, garlic, and ginger in a second small bowl. Set aside. Coarsely grind half of peppercorns in a mortar and pestle or spice grinder.
Set a fine-mesh strainer over a heatproof bowl or saucepan. Return 1/4 cup of the reserved oil to wok and heat over medium-high heat until shimmering. Add remaining half of peppercorns and chiles and cook, stirring, for 5 seconds. Immediately drain through fine-mesh strainer. Pick out chiles and set aside. Discard cooked peppercorns.
Return infused oil to wok and heat over high heat until lightly smoking. Add leeks, celery, and long pepper and cook, stirring and tossing, until vegetables are lightly charred and tender-crisp, about 1 1/2 minutes. Clear a space in the center of the wok and add the scallion/ginger/garlic mixture. Cook, stirring, until fragrant, about 30 seconds. Add peanuts, dried chiles, and drained tofu. Stir sauce mixture and add to wok. Cook, tossing and folding ingredients together until tofu is fully coated. Add scallion greens and ground peppercorns and toss to combine. Serve immediately with white rice.

Special Equipment

Wok, fine-mesh strainer

Notes

To dry tofu, line a rimmed baking sheet with paper towels. Place tofu slices on top in a single layer. Cover with another layer of paper towels and press gently to remove excess moisture.

Tofu Stir-fry
Tofu
Chinese
Vegan Mains
Vegetarian Mains

Nutrition Facts (per serving)
541	Calories
34g	Fat
45g	Carbs
20g	Protein

Show Full Nutrition Label

Nutrition Facts
Servings: 4
Amount per serving
Calories	541
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 34g	44%
Saturated Fat 6g	29%
Cholesterol 1mg	0%
Sodium 695mg	30%
Total Carbohydrate 45g	16%
Dietary Fiber 8g	27%
Total Sugars 7g
Protein 20g
Vitamin C 21mg	107%
Calcium 458mg	35%
Iron 5mg	30%
Potassium 715mg	15%
*The % Daily Value (DV) tells you how much a nutrient in a food serving contributes to a daily diet. 2,000 calories a day is used for general nutrition advice.

(Nutrition information is calculated using an ingredient database and should be considered an estimate.)

FAQs

Why won t my tofu get crispy? ›

If your crispy tofu isn't getting crispy, it could be because there is too much moisture in the tofu. Another issue could be the oil isn't hot enough to fry the tofu. Or you forgot to add the corn flour. These three reasons can cause your tofu to be soggy or not crisp up as much as you'd like.

Explore More ›

What is kung pao tofu made of? ›

A little bit sweet, a little bit spicy, this vegetarian/vegan Kung Pao recipe is made with crispy tofu, dried red chiles, simple veggies, Sichuan peppercorns, and of course, peanuts. It's the ultimate Chinese takeout meal made right at home.

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How do you keep fried tofu crispy? ›

Cornstarch – This is the secret to the most perfect fried tofu. Cornstarch forms a protective layer around each cube of tofu, which crisps up when added to heat. If you don't have cornstarch, arrowroot powder and tapioca starch also work. Garlic powder – This is optional but adds a delightful savory, garlicky flavor.

Get More Info ›

How much cornstarch to coat tofu? ›

Ingredients

1 (14- to 16-ounce) block. extra-firm tofu.
1 teaspoon. kosher salt.
3 tablespoons. cornstarch.
2 tablespoons. vegetable oil.

What not to mix with tofu? ›

What to not serve with tofu? According to studies, a high volume consumption of tofu and spinach together can increase your risk of kidney stones. Tofu and spinach contain calcium and oxalic acid respectively and the combined can form kidney stones.

Tell Me More ›

What can I coat tofu with instead of cornstarch? ›

If you want a crispy outer coating for your tofu, flour can be a great substitute for cornstarch. Simply coat the tofu cubes or slices with a dusting of all-purpose flour before frying. The flour helps create a light and crispy texture while ensuring the tofu stays tender on the inside.

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What's the difference between kung pao and kung bao? ›

It's just a difference in the romanisation system. Kung pao is in Wade-Giles system. Gong bao is in pinyin. They both refer to the same dish.

What does kung pao mean in Chinese? ›

Etymology. borrowed from Chinese (Beijing) gōng bǎo "palace guardian" in the name of such dishes (as gōng bǎo jī dīng "kung pao diced chicken")

Learn More Now ›

Is kung pao the same as Kung Bao? ›

Universally regarded as one of China's great dishes, Gong Bao Chicken (Gong Bao Jiding) is perhaps the most popular Sichuan dish in all of the Western world. Many Americans have undoubtedly seen this on neighborhood Chinese takeout menus misnamed as kung pao, kung po, or even kong pow, but the proper name is Gong Bao.

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What oil is best for frying tofu? ›

If you want a nutty flavor, she suggests trying semi-refined peanut oil (such as Lion & Globe), or blending unrefined peanut oil one-to-one with a neutral cooking oil. Cook the tofu over medium to medium-high heat, searing it for one to two minutes on each side.

See Details ›

Can you coat tofu in flour instead of cornstarch? ›

Substitutions: If you prefer not to cook with cornstarch, you can substitute in an equal volume of all-purpose flour or potato starch. Tofu: This recipe can also be made with medium-firm tofu, but you'll need to be a bit more gentle while pressing and coating it.

Do you season tofu before or after frying? ›

Add tofu to the pan in a single layer. Do not overcrowd the pan. Allow tofu to cook, undisturbed for about 4-5 minutes or until the underside is golden brown and crispy. Step 2: Flip the tofu pieces and season the cooked side with salt.

Read The Full Story ›

What does adding cornstarch to tofu do? ›

Coating your tofu with a mixture of cornstarch and salt will give it a crunchy coating with great flavor. You can also use potato starch, regular flour, or even gluten-free flour instead of cornstarch, but the cornstarch crisps up the best. You can bake, pan-fry, or deep fry your tofu.

Discover More ›

Do you put cornstarch before or after marinating tofu? ›

Place the tofu in a baking dish, top with marinade and toss to coat. Refrigerate at least 2 hours or up to overnight. Place cornstarch in a medium bowl. Working in batches, remove tofu from marinade (but, don't scrape it off) and toss in cornstarch; shake off excess cornstarch.

Read On ›

How long to press tofu for crispy tofu? ›

For the best results, I recommend pressing tofu for at least 30 minutes before cooking, though longer is great if you're able to plan ahead. In a pinch, even less time can make a big difference. I pressed the left block of tofu in the photo above for just 20 minutes. An unpressed block of tofu is on the right.

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How do you fix soggy tofu? ›

Put a weight — a plate will be just fine — on the tofu. Leave it there for 15–30 minutes. You will see a big pool of water squeezed out. The tofu will now have a lot less water in it, and may pan-fry much better.

Read The Full Story ›

How long to press tofu for crispy? ›

Keep Reading ›

How do you fix extra firm tofu? ›

Instructions. Step 1: Press extra firm tofu for at least 30 minutes and cut into cubes. Add a small amount of oil to a non-stick skillet and heat over medium high heat. Add tofu to pan and brown on each side for about 1-2 minutes for a total of about 15 minutes.

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Why is my fried tofu chewy? ›

You can fry tofu without pressing it, and we recommend not pressing it before cooking. We think it's better not to press the tofu to keep it moist, soft, and silky inside and crispy on the outside. Pressed tofu can be dry, chewy, and rubbery.

Learn More Now ›